Physics Laboratory Manual Third Edition by David Loyd in pdf

 Physics Laboratory Manual  Third Edition by David Loyd in pdf

this is the book Physics Laboratory Manual Third Edition in pdf written  by David Loyd, published by Cengage Learning, 2007 of professors of  science faculties  universities  .

   

Information about the book

Language of the book: English language

Book Title: Physics Laboratory Manual Third Edition

Scriptwriter: by David Loyd

Year of printing:   Cengage Learning, 2007

File Format:PDF

Number of chapters: 47 CHAPTER

Number of pages: 509 pages

File Size: 1,97 MB

Contents

LABORATORY 1

Measurement of Length 

Measurement of the dimensions of a laboratory table to illustrate experimental uncertainty,

mean and standard error, propagation of errors

LABORATORY 2

Measurement of Density 

Measurement of the density of several metal cylinders, use of vernier calipers, propagation

of errors

LABORATORY 3

Force Table and Vector Addition of Forces 

Experimental determination of forces using a force table, graphical and analytical

theoretical solutions to the addition of forces

LABORATORY 4

Uniformly Accelerated Motion 

Analysis of displacement versus (time)2 to determine acceleration, experimental value for

acceleration due to gravity g

Uniformly Accelerated Motion Using a Photogate

Measurement of velocity versus time using a photogate to determine acceleration for a cart

on an inclined plane

LABORATORY 5

Uniformly Accelerated Motion on the Air Table 

Analysis to determine the average velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration of a puck on

an air table, determination of acceleration due to gravity g

LABORATORY 6

Kinematics in Two Dimensions on the Air Table 63

Analysis of x and y motion to determine acceleration in y direction, with motion in the

x direction essentially at constant velocity

LABORATORY 7

Coefficient of Friction 

Determination of static and kinetic coefficients of friction, independence of the normal

force, verification that s > k

Coefficient of Friction Using a Force Sensor and a Motion Sensor

Measurement of coefficients of static and kinetic friction using a force sensor and a motion

sensor

LABORATORY 8

Newton’s Second Law on the Air Table 

Demonstration that F 1⁄4 ma for a puck on an air table and determination of the frictional

force on the puck from linear analysis

LABORATORY 9

Newton’s Second Law on the Atwood Machine 

Demonstration that F 1⁄4 ma for the masses on the Atwood machine and determination of the

frictional force on the pulley from linear analysis

L ABORATORY 10

Torques and Rotational Equilibrium of a Rigid Body 

Determination of center of gravity, investigation of conditions for complete equilibrium,

determination of an unknown mass by torques

L A B O R AT O R Y 11

Conservation of Energy on the Air Table 

Spring constant, spring potential energy, kinetic energy, conservation of total mechanical

energy (kinetic þ spring potential)

L ABOR ATORY 12

Conservation of Spring and Gravitational Potential Energy 

Determination of spring potential energy, determination of gravitational potential energy,

conservation of spring and gravitational potential energy

Energy Variations of a Mass on a Spring Using a Motion Sensor

Determination of the kinetic, spring potential, and gravitational potential energies of a mass

oscillating on a spring using a motion sensor

L A B O R ATO RY 13

The Ballistic Pendulum and Projectile Motion 

Conservation of momentum in a collision, conservation of energy after the collision,

projectile initial velocity by free fall measurements

L ABORATORY 14

Conservation of Momentum on the Air Track 

One-dimensional conservation of momentum in collisions on a linear air track

Conservation of Momentum Using Motion Sensors

Investigation of change in momentum of two carts colliding on a linear track

L ABOR ATORY 15

Conservation of Momentum on the Air Table 

Vector conservation of momentum in two-dimensional collisions on an air table

L ABORATORY 16

Centripetal Acceleration of an Object in Circular Motion 

Relationship between the period T, mass M, speed v, and radius R of an object in circular

motion at constant speed

L A B O R AT O RY 17

Moment of Inertia and Rotational Motion 

Determination of the moment of inertia of a wheel from linear relationship between the

applied torque and the resulting angular acceleration

L ABOR ATORY 18

Archimedes’ Principle 

Determination of the specific gravity for objects that sink and float in water, determination

of the specific gravity of a liquid

L ABORATORY 19

The Pendulum—Approximate Simple Harmonic Motion 

Dependence of the period T upon the mass M, length L, and angle y of the pendulum,

determination of the acceleration due to gravity g

LABORATORY 20

Simple Harmonic Motion—Mass on a Spring 

Determination of the spring constant k directly, indirect determination of k by the analysis

of the dependence of the period T on the mass M, demonstration that the period is

independent of the amplitude A

Simple Harmonic Motion—Mass on a Spring Using a Motion Sensor

Observe position, velocity, and acceleration of mass on a spring and determine the

dependence of the period of motion on mass and amplitude

L ABORATORY 21

Standing Waves on a String 

Demonstration of the relationship between the string tension T, the wavelength l,

frequency f, and mass per unit length of the string r

LABORATORY 22

Speed of Sound—Resonance Tube 

Speed of sound using a tuning

LABORATORY 23

Specific Heat of Metals 

Determination of the specific heat of several metals by calorimetry

LABORATORY 24

Linear Thermal Expansion 

Determination of the linear coefficient of thermal expansion for several metals by direct

measurement of their expansion when heated

LABORATORY 25

The Ideal Gas Law 

Demonstration of Boyle’s law and Charles’ law using a homemade apparatus constructed

from a plastic syringe

LABORATORY 26

Equipotentials and Electric Fields 

Mapping of equipotentials around charged conducting electrodes painted on resistive

paper, construction of electric field lines from the equipotentials, dependence of the electric

field on distance from a line of charge

LABORATORY 27

Capacitance Measurement with a Ballistic Galvanometer 

Ballistic galvanometer calibrated by known capacitors charged to known voltage, unknown

capacitors measured, series and parallel combinations of capacitance

LABORATORY 28

Measurement of Electrical Resistance and Ohm’s Law 

Relationship between voltage V, current I, and resistance R, dependence of resistance on

length and area, series and parallel combinations of resistance

LABORATORY 29

Wheatstone Bridge 

Demonstration of bridge principles, determination of unknown resistors, introduction to

the resistor color code

LABORATORY 30

Bridge Measurement of Capacitance 

Alternating current bridge used to determine unknown capacitance in terms of a known

capacitor, series and parallel combinations of capacitors

L ABORATORY 31

Voltmeters and Ammeters 

Galvanometer characteristics, voltmeter and ammeter from galvanometer, and comparison

with standard voltmeter and ammeter

LABORATORY 32

Potentiometer and Voltmeter Measurements of the emf of a Dry Cell 

Principles of the potentiometer, comparison with voltmeter measurements, internal

resistance of a dry cell

LABORATORY 33

The RC Time Constant 

RC time constant using a voltmeter as the circuit resistance R, determination of an unknown

capacitance, determination of unknown resistance

RC Time Constant with Positive Square Wave and Voltage Sensors

Determine the time constant, and time dependence of the voltages across the capacitor and

resistor in an RC circuit using voltage sensors

LABORATORY 34

Kirchhoff’s Rules 

Illustration of Kirchhoff’s rules applied to a circuit with three unknown currents and to a

circuit with four unknown currents

LABORATORY 35

Magnetic Induction of a Current Carrying Long Straight Wire 

Induced emf in a coil as a measure of the B field from an alternating current in a long

straight wire, investigation of B field dependence on distance r from wire

Magnetic Induction of a Solenoid

Determination of the magnitude of the axial B field as a function of position along the axis

using a magnetic field sensor

LABORATORY 36

Alternating Current LR Circuits 

Determination of the phase angle f, inductance L, and resistance r of an inductor

Direct Current LR Circuits

Determination of the phase relationship between the circuit elements and the time constant

for an LR circuit

LABORATORY 37

Alternating Current RC and LCR Circuits 

Phase angle in an RC circuit, determination of unknown capacitor, phase angle

relationships in an LCR circuit

LABORATORY 38

Oscilloscope Measurements 

Introduction to the operation and theory of an oscilloscope

LABORATORY 39

Joule Heating of a Resistor 

Heat (calories) produced from electrical energy dissipated in a resistor (joules), comparison

with the expected ration of 4.186 joules/calorie

LABORATORY 40

Reflection and Refraction with the Ray Box 

Law of reflection, Snell’s law of refraction, focal properties of each

L ABORATORY 41

Focal Length of Lenses 

Direct measurement of focal length of converging lenses, focal length of a converging lens

with converging lens in close contact

LABORATORY 42

Diffraction Grating Measurement of the Wavelength of Light 

Grating spacing from known wavelength, wavelengths from unknown heated gas,

wavelength of colors from continuous spectrum

Single-Slit Diffraction and Double-Slit Interference of Light

Light sensor and motion sensor measurement of the intensity distribution of laser light for

both a single slit and a double slit

LABORATORY 43

Bohr Theory of Hydrogen—The Rydberg Constant 

Comparison of the measured wavelengths of the hydrogen spectrum with Bohr theory to

determine the Rydberg constant

Light Intensity versus Distance with a Light Sensor

Investigate the dependence of light intensity versus distance from a light source using

a light sensor

LABORATORY 44

Simulated Radioactive Decay Using Dice ‘‘Nuclei’’ 

Measurement of decay constant and half-life for simulated radioactive decay using 20-sided

dice as ‘‘nuclei’’

LABORATORY 45

Geiger Counter Measurement of the Half-Life of 137Ba 

Geiger counter plateau, half-life from activity versus time measurements

LABORATORY 46

Nuclear Counting Statistics 

Distribution of series of counts around the mean, demonstration that 

LABORATORY 47

Absorption of Beta and Gamma Rays 

Comparison of absorption of beta and gamma radiation by different materials,

determination of the absorption coefficient for gamma rays

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